Valuable timber, aromatic, and medicinal trees are essential global commodities. However, illegal and unsustainable harvesting poses a threat, rapidly leading to deforestation. Currently, many high-value tree species face overexploitation due to their commercial value, with a significant number listed by CITES being illicitly harvested and traded, especially in Africa, Asia, and South America. To address this problem, the CITES project focuses on aligning sustainable forest management with CITES provisions. The goal is to enhance compliance with the Convention’s requirements, promoting legal and sustainable trade in commercially significant tree species.